Back to Science
🧴
🧪 Chemistry
Acids, Bases & pH
pH scale from 0–14 measures acidity; vital for chemistry, biology, medicine and everyday life
Denmark 🌍 1909 Chemistry
Key Facts
- 1
pH scale: 0 (strong acid) → 7 (neutral) → 14 (strong alkali); each unit is 10× change in [H⁺]
- 2
Acids donate H⁺ ions (HCl, H₂SO₄, vinegar pH 3); bases accept H⁺ (NaOH, ammonia, blood pH 7.4)
- 3
Neutralisation: acid + base → salt + water; e.g. HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
🔬 Did you know? Human blood must be kept between pH 7.35–7.45; a drop below 7.0 (acidosis) or above 7.8 (alkalosis) can be fatal
Quick Reference
Category
Chemistry
Country
🌍 Denmark
Year / Era
1909
About
pH scale from 0–14 measures acidity